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Thursday, 1 September 2011
Wednesday, 10 August 2011
New Seven Wonders of the World
Seven New Wonders of the World
Chichen Itza
Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
The genius and adaptability of Mayan culture can be seen in the splendid ruins of Chichen Itza. This powerful city, a trading center for cloth, slaves, honey and salt, flourished from approximately 800 to 1200, and acted as the political and economic hub of the Mayan civilization. The most familiar ruin at the site is El Caracol, a sophisticated astronomical observatory.
Christ the Redeemer Statue
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
The Art Deco-style Christ the Redeemer statue has been looming over the Brazilians from upon Corcovado mountain in an awe-inspiring state of eternal blessing since 1931. The 130-foot reinforced concrete-and-soapstone statue was designed by Heitor da Silva Costa and cost approximately $250,000 to build - much of the money was raised through donations. The statue has become an easily recognized icon for Rio and Brazil.
The Roman Colosseum
Rome, Italy
Rome's, if not Italy's, most enduring icon is undoubtedly its Colosseum. Built between A.D. 70 and 80 A.D., it was in use for some 500 years. The elliptical structure sat nearly 50,000 spectators, who gathered to watch the gladiatorial events as well as other public spectacles, including battle reenactments, animal hunts and executions. Earthquakes and stone-robbers have left the Colosseum in a state of ruin, but portions of the structure remain open to tourists, and its design still influences the construction of modern-day amphitheaters, some 2,000 years later.
Great Wall of China
China
Built between the 5th century B.C. and the 16th century, the Great Wall of China is a stone-and-earth fortification created to protect the borders of the Chinese Empire from invading Mongols. The Great Wall is actually a succession of multiple walls spanning approximately 4,000 miles, making it the world's longest manmade structure.
Machu Picchu
Peru
Machu Picchu, an Incan city of sparkling granite precariously perched between 2 towering Andean peaks, is thought by scholars to have been a sacred archaeological center for the nearby Incan capital of Cusco. Built at the peak of the Incan Empire in the mid-1400s, this mountain citadel was later abandoned by the Incas. The site remained unknown except to locals until 1911, when it was rediscovered by archaeologist Hiram Bingham. The site can only be reached by foot, train or helicopter; most visitors visit by train from nearby Cusco.
Petra
Jordan
Declared a World Heritage Site in 1985, Petra was the capital of the Nabataean empire of King Aretas IV, and likely existed in its prime from 9 B.C. to A.D. 40. The members of this civilization proved to be early experts in manipulating water technology, constructing intricate tunnels and water chambers, which helped create an pseudo-oasis. A number of incredible structures carved into stone, a 4,000-seat amphitheater and the El-Deir monastery have also helped the site earn its fame.
Taj Majal
Agra, India
A mausoleum commissioned for the wife of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, the Taj Majal was built between 1632 and 1648. Considered the most perfect specimen of Muslim art in India, the white-marble Taj Majal actually represents a number of architectural styles, including Persian, Islamic, Turkish and Indian. The Taj Majal also encompasses formal gardens of raised pathways, sunken flower beds and a linear reflecting pool.
The Seven Natural Wonders of the World
Seven Natural Wonders of the World
The Seven Natural Wonders of the World are located in stunning places around the globe from the United States to Africa, to South America and Australia. These seven astounding examples of geography, ecology and geology are packed with history and are always a fantastic vacation destination
The Grand Canyon
The Grand Canyon in Arizona is 277 miles long and over a mile deep. With more than 5 million visitors each year, the Grand Canyon is one of the most-visited Wonders. Two exciting ways to see the canyon are by helicopter and by taking a mule ride.
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system on Earth and is made up of over 2,900 separate reefs. The Reef is spread over 900 islands and 133,000 square miles and is visible from space. Boating tours and snorkeling are available off the coast of Queensland, Australia, and there are resorts all along the reef.
The Harbor at Rio de Janeiro
The Harbor of Rio de Janeiro is the largest bay in the world, and the surrounding slopes form unusual mountains and rock formations. Molded over the centuries by erosion from the Atlantic Ocean, the harbor is enclosed by granite mountains. Good ways to enjoy the harbor views include visiting the sandy beach, hiking to the mountain tops, hang-gliding or skiing.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest point on the planet, reaching over 29,000 feet above the Himalayan Mountains in Nepal and Tibet. If you want to climb the mountain, you need to be in top physical condition and purchase a climbing permit for $25,000, as of 2010. But if you are on vacation and just want to see the mountain, you can take a guided hike to the base or a flight around the mountain.
Aurora Borealis(Northern Lights)
Commonly referred to as the Northern Lights, the Aurora Borealis is a chemical reaction in the solar system that creates dancing sheets of lights that emanate from the North Pole. The Northern Lights are best seen from locations in the northern hemisphere. Remote places in Canada have some of the best views. The light show typically occurs during March and April and again in September and October.
Paricutin Volcano
Paricutin is the youngest volcano in the world, the birth of which was actually witnessed by humans. The last eruption here was in 1952 and Paricutin, about 10,000 feet high, is still classified as active. Situated outside the village of Angahuan about 200 miles west of Mexico City, this volcano is best experienced by hiking, camping or horseback riding along the six-mile journey to the top.
Victoria Falls
Victoria Falls is the largest waterfall on the planet, standing at 306 feet high and about one mile wide. Located in two National Parks in Zambia and Zimbabwe, Victoria Falls was named by the Scottish explorer who discovered it, David Livingstone. Helicopter tours and tours by microlite--a small, motorized aircraft-- are available for breathtaking aerial views of this African wonder.
Tuesday, 9 August 2011
The Seven Wonders of the Modern World
The Seven Wonders of the Modern World
Channel Tunnel
Known as the Chunnel, it links France and England. It is 31 miles long, and 23 of those miles are 150 ft beneath the seabed of the English Channel. High-speed trains whiz through its side-by-side tubes
CN Tower
According to Family Education, the CN Tower in Toronto, Canada was the world's tallest freestanding structure until 2007. It measure 1,815 feet, which is one-third of a mile high, or three times taller than the Space Needle in Seattle, Washington.
Empire State Building
The Empire State Building in New York City completed construction in 1931. Standing at 1,250 feet, this building was the world's tallest, according to the University of Memphis. The twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York rose above the Empire State Building in 1972. However, after the tragic events of September 11, 2001, the Empire State Building was officially the tallest building in New York City.
Golden Gate Bridge
Completed in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California was the world's longest, and remains the world's tallest, suspension bridge. According to the University of Memphis, the bridge contains enough cable to encircle the earth three times.
Itaipu Dam
Built along the Panama River, the Itaipu Dam spans the borders of Paraguay and Brazil and is the world's largest hydroelectric power plant. The five-mile-wide dam contains enough concrete in it to build five dams the size of the Hoover Dam and is as tall as a 65-story building. The University of Memphis reports the amount of steel used in the dam could build 300 Eiffel Towers. The building of the Itaipu Dam was a 16-year project. Its energy output could power almost the whole state of California.
Netherlands North Sea Protection Works
The North Sea Protection Works is a combination of floodgates, dams and surge barriers that allow the Netherlands to exist today as this area of the world is below sea level. Family Education states the biggest part of the North Sea Protection Works Project was the completion of the two-mile long moveable surge barrier.
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is 50 miles long and is located along the Isthmus of Panama. It took 34 years to complete and, according to Family Education, was the most expensive American project of its time. The University of Memphis reports enough earth was moved in the creating of the Panama Canal to open a tunnel through the middle of the earth that was 16-feet-wide.
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
The Colossus of Rhodes was a statue of the Greek Titan Helios
Built: 292 and 280 BC
Function: To celebrate Rhodes' victory over the ruler of Cyprus, Antigonus I Monophthalmus, who unsuccessfully besieged Rhodes in 305 BC
Destroyed: Hit by an earthquake in 224 BC
Size: Over 30 meters (107 ft) high
Made of: Bronze
One of the tallest statues of the ancient world
The Temple of Artemis (Greek: Artemision), also known less precisely as the Temple of Diana
Location: Ephesus(Greek)
Built: Around 401 BC
Function: To a goddess Greeks identified as Artemis
Destroyed: By flood
Reconstruction: Around 550 BC
Made of: Marble, save the roof
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
Location: Peloponnesus (Modern Greece)
Built: Around 432 BC
Function: Shine to Greek God Zeus
Destroyed: Fire 5th Century A.D.
Size: Height around 40 ft. (12m)
Made of: Ivory and gold-plated plates on wooden frame.
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus( in Greek)
Built: Between 333 and 350 BC
Function: For Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and Artemisia II of Caria, his wife and sister
Destroyed: Damaged in earthquakes, used for building materials and was in ruins by CE 1400
Size: 45m (148ft) in height
Made of: Marble. Some of it was made out of stone but only a small percentage of the tomb.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria, also known as the Pharos of Alexandria (in Ancient Greek)
Built: Between 280 and 247 BC on the island of Pharos at Alexandria, Egypt
Function: To guide sailors into the harbour at night time
Destroyed: Badly damaged in the earthquake of 956, then again in 1303 and 1323
Size: Between 393 and 450 ft(120 and 140m)
Made of: Enormous, thick blocks of stone, whilst the watchtower was made of marble blocks held together with molten lead.
It was for many centuries among the tallest manmade structures on Earth
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Built: Starting in 605 BC (There is a less-reliable, alternative story that the gardens were built by the Assyrian Queen Semiramis during her five year reign starting in 810 BC)
Function: To please his homesick wife, Amytis
Destroyed: The gardens were destroyed by several earthquakes after the 2nd century BCE.
Size: 100 ft (30m) long by 100 ft wide
Made of:mud brick and stone, a series of terraces, one on top of the other
The Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Cheops)
Built: Around 2560 BC
Function: As a tomb for Fourth Dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu
Size: 146.5 metres (480.6 ft)
Made of : Casting stones.
Oldest and largest the pyramid was built as a tomb
Saturday, 6 August 2011
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